Evidence / Tamakoshi et al. · 2023
PQQ disodium salt and cognitive testing by age
Selected research. Study type, product relevance and limitations are shown separately.
Editorial study summary
- Study type
- Double-blind, placebo-controlled human study.
- Product relevance
- Ingredient evidence involving PQQ. The trial did not test the DR.MORGAN formula with CoQ10.
- Sample or population
- Adults aged 20–65. The abstract does not report how many took part.
- Studied dose
- 20 mg/day of PQQ disodium salt or placebo.
- Duration
- 12 weeks.
- Finding
- The authors reported changes in composite and verbal memory at 12 weeks. In age-stratified analyses, the younger group showed changes in selected speed and flexibility tests at 8 weeks. The later memory findings were confined to the older group.
- Limitations
- Multiple test results and age subgroup analyses limit interpretation. The abstract does not establish lasting benefit or prevention of cognitive decline.
- Study quality
- Controlled study with multiple cognitive outcomes. The abstract does not report the group sizes. Editorial review was limited to the abstract. No formal risk-of-bias rating was assigned.
- Funding and disclosures
- Funding and conflicts were not verified from the abstract.
The studies discussed here examine ingredients or other formulations. They do not establish results for this DR.MORGAN finished product.